Neuromodulation in Gamma Knife Surgery for Functional Disorders: Current and FutureKeywords: gamma knife, trigeminal neuralgia, functional, headache, tremorInteractive Manuscript
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What is the background behind your study?
Gamma knife surgery (GKS) has been applied as a treatment for functional disorders, and the clinical results are preferable and acceptable to be evaluated. However, the critical action mechanism is not known yet. Among of them, we suspected it should be destructive change due to GKS for tremor and epilepsy caused by hypothalamic hamartoma. On the other hand, we also suspected that intractable pain and mesial temporal lobe epilepsy(MTLE) might not be triggered by the destructive change according to postoperative clinical course.
What is the purpose of your study?
We will report our clinical results to demonstrate neuromodulative change which might provide the patients cure.
Describe your patient group.
130 patients with essential trigeminal neuralgia(TGN), 21 patients with cancer pain(CP), 24 patients with thalamic pain syndrome(TPS), and 4 patients with MTLE were registered in our retrospective study.
Describe what you did.
All patients could be followed up at least 3 years excluding the cases with cancer pain. In TGN, the target should be the trigeminal nerve at retrogasserian region with 90Gy at maximum dose using single shot of 4 mm collimator. In CP and TPS, the target should be the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland with 140-180Gy at maximum dose using single shot of 8 mm collimator. In MTLE, the target should be the archeocortex and entrhinal cortex, whose target volume should be ranged between 7 and 8cc, with 22-24Gy at marginal dose using 4 and 8 mm collimators.
Describe your main findings.
In TGN, 98% of initial electric discharge free, 66% of complete pain free at the last follow up, and 24% of significant complication (facial numbness). In CP, 90.5% of significant pain reduction without significant complication. In TPS, 71% of significant pain reduction without significant complication excluding 30% of endocrinological impairment. In MTLE, 75% of significant seizure cessation without significant complication excluding MR morphological changes were seen.
Describe the main limitation of this study.
This was a retrospective study.
Describe your main conclusion.
The true action mechanism of these presenting disease could not be elucidated yet without some hypothesis that GKS might provide something of neuromodulative effect to the patients, according to postoperative clinical phenomena.
Describe the importance of your findings and how they can be used by others.
We would like to have much more experience and perform basic research to prove our hypothesis.
Gamma knife surgery (GKS) has been applied as a treatment for functional disorders, and the clinical results are preferable and acceptable to be evaluated. However, the critical action mechanism is not known yet. Among of them, we suspected it should be destructive change due to GKS for tremor and epilepsy caused by hypothalamic hamartoma. On the other hand, we also suspected that intractable pain and mesial temporal lobe epilepsy(MTLE) might not be triggered by the destructive change according to postoperative clinical course.
We will report our clinical results to demonstrate neuromodulative change which might provide the patients cure.
130 patients with essential trigeminal neuralgia(TGN), 21 patients with cancer pain(CP), 24 patients with thalamic pain syndrome(TPS), and 4 patients with MTLE were registered in our retrospective study.
All patients could be followed up at least 3 years excluding the cases with cancer pain. In TGN, the target should be the trigeminal nerve at retrogasserian region with 90Gy at maximum dose using single shot of 4 mm collimator. In CP and TPS, the target should be the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland with 140-180Gy at maximum dose using single shot of 8 mm collimator. In MTLE, the target should be the archeocortex and entrhinal cortex, whose target volume should be ranged between 7 and 8cc, with 22-24Gy at marginal dose using 4 and 8 mm collimators.
In TGN, 98% of initial electric discharge free, 66% of complete pain free at the last follow up, and 24% of significant complication (facial numbness). In CP, 90.5% of significant pain reduction without significant complication. In TPS, 71% of significant pain reduction without significant complication excluding 30% of endocrinological impairment. In MTLE, 75% of significant seizure cessation without significant complication excluding MR morphological changes were seen.
This was a retrospective study.
The true action mechanism of these presenting disease could not be elucidated yet without some hypothesis that GKS might provide something of neuromodulative effect to the patients, according to postoperative clinical phenomena.
We would like to have much more experience and perform basic research to prove our hypothesis.
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